Cephalomedullary Orthopedic Nail (Gamma Nail)

The cephalomedullary orthopedic nail, known in the Iranian market under the trade name Gamma Nail, ensures strong and reliable fixation of complex diaphyseal and proximal femur fractures, providing both the surgeon and the patient with a safe and effective surgical outcome.

One of the most important components of the Gamma Nail set is the Gamma Blade.

With slight modifications, the Gamma Nail is essentially the same as the femoral nail, except that the entry point has shifted from the piriformis fossa to the tip of the greater trochanter, allowing surgeons faster and easier access to the entry site.

Features of Gamma Nails

1. Made of titanium for optimal strength and biocompatibility.

2. Special grooves on the nail are designed to reduce the risk of fat embolism, significantly improving patient safety.

3. Available in two models: Short Nail and Long Nail.

Long Nails are available in both left and right configurations.

Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN)

Introduced in 1997 for the treatment of proximal femur fractures.

Main indications:

Treatment of peritrochanteric, intertrochanteric, and subtrochanteric fractures classified as AO/OTA 31-A1, 31-A2, and 31-A3.

Pathological fractures and extensive subtrochanteric fractures, especially when long nails are used.

Contraindications:

Intracapsular femoral neck fractures.

Surgical Technique (Key Steps)

Determination of nail length, diameter, angle, and lag screw position.

Precise closed anatomical reduction on the traction table.

Placement of guide wires.

Opening the entry point at the top of the greater trochanter.

Insertion of the proximal femoral nail.

Drilling for anti-rotation pin/screw and lag screw.

Placement of anti-rotation pin/screw.

Placement of femoral neck lag screw.

Distal locking.

Possible Complications

Hematoma formation.

Secondary displacement.

Infection.

Nonunion.

Periprosthetic fracture.

Malpositioned implant (e.g., cut-out).

Loosening.

Avascular necrosis of the hip joint.

Hardware failure (rare).